Fiber optical components for Fiber to the Home (FTTH) solutions include essential elements like the Optical Line Terminal (OLT), which is the central point at the service provider's end, and the Optical Network Unit/Terminal (ONU/ONT) located at the customer's premises. The network also features the Optical Distribution Network (ODN), which consists of passive optical components like splitters that distribute the signal, various types of fiber optic cables (single-mode, drop), and distribution cabinets or terminals. Other crucial components are connectors, patch cords, splice closures for protecting fibers, and fiber distribution wall plates for connecting to in-home devices.

The OLT is the central hub of the FTTH network, typically located at the service provider's central office or data center. It converts electrical signals into optical signals for downstream transmission to users and manages data traffic, bandwidth allocation, and authentication of Optical Network Units/Terminals (ONUs/ONTs). OLTs often support GPON ports, each capable of serving up to 64 end-users .